Formfinding optimization by Adam Orlinski of Bollinger Grohmann engineers.
Studies with constraint based models in Kangaroo, evaluated in Karamba.

In the simulation a reverse gravitational force is applied in order to structurally optimize the aggregation. This is a technique similar to methods in the works of Gaudi and Frei Otto using hanging models to “find” an ideal structural form.

Based on geometric rationalization principles the linear profiles were constrained to maintain planarity within groups. Connection points are allowed to shift along the respective axes. As a result the formation is “straightened” with all members oriented more vertically compared to the initial state.
Structural analysis in Karamba shows a reduction of local stresses.